Analysis of the origin and training of the labor dedicated to the post-harvest process of banana in Tecomán, Cerro de Ortega, Colima, Mexico

Objective: Analyze and identify the place of origin, skills and working conditions of the workforce dedicated to working in the banana cutting and packaging process in the town of Cerro de Ortega, Tecomán Colima. Design / Methodology / Approach: A field checklist was designed and applied to 32% of the local crews and a survey directed to the members of the crews, surveying 21.3% of the total population. Results: Information was obtained to carry out the analysis of origin and the current situation of workforce dedicated to the post-harvest process of plantain in the study area. Limitations of the study: An important limitation for the investigation was the insecurity during the field work, which was present derived from the organized crime settled in the area. Findings / Conclusions: The most specialized workers in the area who are dedicated to the activities of cutting and packing bananas are not native to the municipality of Tecomán, much less the state of Colima, they belong to the states of Chiapas and Michoacán.Objective: To analyze and identify the place of origin, skills and working conditions of the laborers dedicated to the banana cutting and packaging process in the town of Cerro de Ortega, Tecomán, Colima. Design / Methodology / Approach: A field checklist was designed and applied to 32% of the local crews and a survey directed to the members of the crews, surveying 21.3% of the total population. Results: Information was obtained to carry out the analysis of origin and the current situation of laborers dedicated to the post-harvest process of banana in the study area. Limitations of the study: An important limitation for the research was insecurity during the field surveys, which was present derived from the organized crime settled in the area. Findings / Conclusions: The most specialized workers in the area who are dedicated to the activities of cutting and packing bananas are not native people from the municipality of Tecomán, nor from the state of Colima. They belong to the states of Chiapas and Michoacan

Pluriempleo/pluriactividad: Factor y consecuencia del cambio de ocupación del suelo en san Bernardino, Texcoco, México

The change in land occupation from agricultural to urban generates the loss of important agricultural zones, an increase in irregular properties and the change in economicproductive activities. The objective of this study was to analyze the change of land occupation, from agricultural to urban, in San Bernardino, Texcoco, and its relationship with pluriactivity (diversity of activities). The methodology contemplates ethnographic observation and the application of surveys to ejidatarios in the locality. The detection of spatial change of land use from 1996 to 2007 was carried out with the methodologies by Bosque (2001), Eastman (2001) and Martínez (1989). The article presents: 1) sociodemographic analysis, as well as the pluriactivity found; and 2) territorial analysis of the change in land occupation. It concludes with a reflection regarding the results found, about the relationship there are between pluriactivity and the change in land occupation. For the case of the locality of San Bernardino, the relationship is cyclical, where the first is acting as factor and consequence; on the other hand, it is found that pluriactivity is directed towards the tertiary sector and the agricultural zone presents a loss of 4.41 ha per year.El cambio de ocupación del suelo agrícola por urbano genera la pérdida de importantes zonas agrícolas, aumento de predios irregulares y la modificación de las actividades económicoproductivas. El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el cambio de ocupación de suelo, de agrícola por urbano, en San Bernardino, Texcoco, y su relación con la pluriactividad (diversidad de actividades). La metodología contempla la observación etnográfica y la aplicación de encuestas a ejidatarios de la localidad. La detección de cambio espacial de uso de suelo del periodo 1996-2007 se realizó con las metodologías de Bosque y García (2001), Eastman (2001) y Martínez Vega (1989). El artículo presenta: 1) un análisis sociodemográfico, así como la pluriactividad encontrada; y 2)análisis territorial del cambio de Ocupación del suelo. Se concluye con una reflexión sobre los resultados encontrados, acerca de la relación que hay entre la pluriactividad y el cambio de ocupación del suelo; para el caso de la localidad de San Bernardino la relación es cíclica, donde la primera está actuando como factor y consecuencia; por otro lado se encuentra que la pluriactividad está dirigida al sector terciario y la zona agrícola presenta una pérdida de 4.41 ha por año